4B.+Changes+in+Global+Commerce

Changes in Global Commerce, Communication, and Technology Group 5: Ryan, Steven, Danielle, and Jessica  Outline  a. The transformative effects of commerce, communication, and technology on a society, and the outcome of the timing that they occurred - Danielle and Jessica b. The mutual relation of industrial and scientific developments and their commonalities - Ryan c. Comparison of the patterns of world trade - Steven d. Final analysis e. AGMSPRITE how things changed or stayed the same pertaining to the relevant agmsprite topics add brief outline to what this contains a. The transformative effects on societies as a result of commerce, communication, and technology, and the differential timing 

Important Events that impacted commerce, communication, and technology... • Europe and the U.S become the major powers in the world • In the 1700-1800’s Europeans established a lot of colonies around the world • World trading networks were dominated by the west • Countries were either becoming wealthy or falling behind into poverty • Some examples of drastic changes around the world are: • American (1776-1783) and French (1789-1799)Revolutions : caused other countries to re-evaluate situation, led to revolutions • Haitian Revolution (1791-1804) : sugar production and trade decreased • Industrial Revolution (18th and 19th centuries) : changed the world through different technologies  • Rise of Capitalism (1750, Adam Smith) : commerce and the way it was produced, traded, and handled changed • Imperialism (height in 1815-1870) : communication between the Europeans and the natives grew, trade between different regions conquered, new (and better?) technology was introduced to the natives • Colonialism (coincides with imperialism)

Other changes in commerce, communication, and technology include… 1. The Suez Canal greatly improved the speed of travel (1869) 2. Technological advances in travel such as; ships, railroads, etc… which in turn increased the travel of humans and goods worldwide. • Advanced road construction within Europe in the early 1800’s • First steam locomotive developed in Europe in 1804, but not used until 1830 • United States continued with development from the early 1800’s through the Civil War • The United States first developed things like : the typewriter, gas car, telephone, lights, etc 3. Huge migration movements to the Americas from Europe and Asia as well as some other countries. 4. Industrial Revolution specifically in Europe and America needed raw materials for production, thus conquered colonies were used to get/exploit those raw materials/natural resources. However, the countries being exploited (ie: Africa, India etc…) did not move forward in development, so they lagged behind and most are still underdeveloped to this day. • However the Europeans did introduce several modern ways of life while in Africa and other countries; such as railroads, motorways, ports, telegraphs, postal service 5. The slave trade pretty much came to an end 6. Many people in countries rose up and had revolutions; • The Industrial Revolution led people to reject the conquerors ways of life, and eventually demand independence 7. Education that came about during the Industrial Revolution allowed Europeans to infiltrate their ideas and ways of life through to other areas • Created social mobility/status for those who normally wouldn’t have

Time effecting change in Commerce, Communication and Technology in Societies Summary All in all, commerce, communication and technology had major impacts on society, but not just that they occurred. It was WHEN they occurred that really had the impact on societies. Many of the specific events mentioned above started a chain reaction that spawned the changes in commerce, communication, and technology. The timing of these specific domino like events were necessary in order to impact societies through commerce, communication, and technology.

b. The mutual relation of industrial and scientific developments and their commonalities

Between 1750 and 1914, the development of scientific technologies played an important role in having the way for the Industrial Revolution.

Charles Darwin wrote “The Origin of Species” in 1859. This dealt with the ideas of evolution and survival of the fittest. •These ideas were applied to modern society and economics. This was known as Social Darwinism. •Social Darwinism supported the ideas of capitalism and more economic competition, which in turn, supported the Industrial Revolution for mass production.

In Britain, science was concerned with observations, experimentation, measurements, mechanical devices, and could be applied to commerce. •This helped foster technological innovation

The creation on the cotton gin  by Eli Whitney in 1793 allowed for a much larger quantity of cotton to be processed. •This led to the rise of textile mills in New England and Britain. •The textile industry in New England in the 1820s started the Industrial Revolution in the United States. •The manufacturing output of the U.S. rose from .8 percent to 7.2 percent between 1800 and 1860.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> James Watt’s improved <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">steam engine <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">and the development of the <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">steam powered train <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> in the 1820s by George Stephenson played an important role in transportation of natural resources and goods. •From 1830 to 1850 railroads in Britain significantly rose from 157 km to 9,787 km. •Because it facilitated the transport of resources, productions in mining, manufacturing, and services rose •The world’s first transcontinental railroad in the United States was finished in 1869. This also quickened the transport of goods and resources in America.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Other technological advancements: •Samuel Morse’s <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">telegraph <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> allowed for easier long distance communication.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> •The <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">internal combustion engine <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">, which was invented by Gottlieb Daimler in 1885, led to the mass production of <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">automobiles <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. •Mass production was aided by Henry Ford’s <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">assembly line <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. This made factories extremely profitable.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">•The 1884 creation of the <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Maxim Machine Gun <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> indirectly helped the Industrial Revolution <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">by helping European imperialism when they conquered Africa.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Mutual Relations of Industrial and Scientific Developments Summary <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The rise of technology helped pave the way for the Industrial Revolution. As mankind sought to make as much profit as possible, he relied on the new scientific developments to aid him. Whether if it was for mass production, transportation, or military use; the relationship between scientific developments and the Industrial Revolution has been beneficial. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">c. Comparison of the patterns of world trade

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> • Europe began to emerge as the worlds trade power • French ruled most of West Africa • Britain ruled countries all of Africa • Belgium ruled Belgium Congo in Central Africa • French had power of Canada • German colonies around South Africa • Europeans also ruled trade in the Americas • England had trade ports on North American east coats • European countries dominated world economy through Imperialism • Profited off other economies through expensive world trade • Europe produced 55% of world’s tin in East Indies • Destroyed East Indie forests and built tea, rubber, sugarcane, and tobacco • Eventually, Europe economically overtook China • European countries ruled many countries around the world and was the leader in world trade

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Continuity and Change Summary <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Around this time period, the world was linked through trade of many countries; however the way that the world was liked is much different than past trade routes. Before Europe started monopolize world trade, countries freely traded with each other over seas, and on land, such as the silk road. After Europe began its reign of imperialism, they dominated world trade and connected countries. This feat has only been accomplished by the Mongols, but during Europe’s imperialism period, this connection of world trade was much different. Europe used their domination to gain large profits off of trade. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">d. Final Analysis <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> A final conclusion we can make is that is change in global commerce, communication, and technology came from capitalistic beliefs and scientific advancements. These advancements helped set off a chain reaction that resulted in the changes. For example, when the idea of capitalism rose people sought to make as much profit as possible. Europeans began to take control of countries for resources and labor through imperialism. Technologies developed that will help with mass production, such the steam powered locomotive and the cotton gin. The telegraph improved communication between long distances. This is evidence of how capitalism and science changed global trade, communication, and technlogy. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">e. AGMSPRITE <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> A - Europe destroyed East Indies’ farmlands and built their own plantations; they forced slaves to grow rubber, tea, tobacco, and sugarcane G - Land exploited for resources, destroyed by massive population movements/pollution M - New military technology such as the machine gun, helped Europeans with the imperialism aspect of the Industrial Revolution S - With Social Darwinism, the economic society became more competitive P - Political ideas such as socialism arouse, in attempt to solve capitalistic societies R - Religion is indirectly related. Once Europeans began imperialism, some conquered people accepted the religion I - Scholars began to develop or improve current technology to help with manufacturing T - Technology such as the cotton gin, steam engine, and trains helped developed the Industrial revolution E - Global exchange network created; imports and exports. Cheap labor meant more profit for businesses